Commercial Ornamental Crops: Cut Flowers

by R L Misra, Sanyat Misra

ISBN: 9789359199177
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Imprint : Daya Publishing House
Year : 2025
Price : Rs. 20495.00
Biblio : xviii+565p., tabls., figs., col., ind 25 cm

Author Profile

Dr. R. L. Misra served the cause of floricultural science for more than 16 years in temperate regions of Himachal Pradesh and about 24 years in sub-tropical conditions of New Delhi. After his joining at IARI, New Delhi in 1984, he was associated with all the 7-8 floricultural courses being offered to the M.Sc. and Ph.D. students, apart from looking his mandated research programmes. Out of his whole official career, as a chairman, he guided 16 Ph.D. and 6 M.Sc. students apart from being members of the advisory committees of many more students, and developed 30 gladiolus varieties which have high demand countrywide. Now all these students are serving various institutions as Professors and Associate Professors and in other departments holding a very high position. As a teacher as well as a researcher, his contribution is well known as he has in all some 500 publications including 6 books. He is the founder member of Indian Society of Ornamental Horticulture. From 1993 to 2004 he edited its regular publication Journal of Ornamental Horticulture. He is Fellow of Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding since 80's, and Indian Society of Ornamental Horticulture since 2010. For his most significant contribution in the field of floriculture, he was honoured with 'Gold Medal' of Horticultural Society of India in 2013. He is life member in 11 professional societies. Joined as a regular Project Coordinator of All India Coordinated Research Project on Floriculture of ICAR at Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, IARI, New Delhi where he coordinated some 21 centres across 17 states. He served IARI for 40 years and retired as Project Coordinator cum Principal Scientist in May 2008. Only because of his highly significant contributions in the field of teaching and research, after his retirement he was inducted as adjunct Faculty of IARI in Floriculture. Dr. Sanyat Misra is a graduate from UAS, Bangalore; postgraduate from GBP University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar; and Ph.D. from Dr. YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), and then after completing his Ph.D. degree served for 3 years as Research Associate at NBPGR, New Delhi and Shimla, and in 2004 joined as regular Scientist cum Assistant Professor (Floriculture) in the Department of Horticulture, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi (Jharkhand). So far he has guided Ten M.Sc. students for their thesis work. Presently he is Head, Department of Horticulture, BAU, Ranchi. He is a very active member of the horticulture faculty looking after research, teaching and extension. He has to his credit about 45 publications, two bulletins and Five books of international repute.

About The Book

A book which deals with 36 individual cut flower crops (Achillea, Alstroemeria, Amaryllis & Hippeastrum, Anemone, Anthurium, Antirrhinum, Callistephus chinensis, Campanula, Centaurea, Dahlia, Delphinium, Dendranthema, Dianthus caryophyllus, Digitalis, Eustoma, Gaillardia, Gerbera, Gladiolus, Gypsophila, Helianthus, Heliconia, Iberis, Lilium, Limonium, Matthiola, Narcissus, Orchids, Polianthes tuberosa, Rosa, Salpiglossis, Scabiosa, Solidago, Strelitzia, Tulipa, Zantedeschia and Zinnia), and two separate groups of plants which are either axillary to cut flowers or have included many other individuals to be used as cut flowers, i.e. “Cut Foliage/Cut Greens and Other Fillers” and “Proteaceous Ornamentals”. Individual crops have covered almost all the aspects, viz. Introduction, Origin, Uses, Botany, Classification Species and Varieties, Propagation, Cultural Practices soils and bed preparation, planting (season of planting, plant density), irrigation, manuring and fertilization, weeding and where required other practices such as pot cultivation and glasshouse cultivation, growth and development, insects-pests diseases and physiological disorders, postharvest and related references. Apart from the crops, the book is also supported with a comprensive Glossary and Index in the end. In floriculture, no book can cover all the crops entirely under a particular topic due to the crops being innumerable and also as many new crops are being brought out every year but efforts have here been made to cover all the important ones looking into the past publications on the topic, the world scenario, the crop importance, the curriculum of M.Sc. and Ph.D. students worldwide, and as a guide to floricultural scientists & professors. Looking into its coverage and application, this book will work as a most remarkable guide to commercial and enthusiastic growers of cut flower crops worldwide.

Table of Contents

Foreword v Preface vii List of Contributors xv 1. Achillea 1 Introduction — Botany — Propagation — Species and Cultivars — Cultural Practices — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Ritu Jain, Lakshmi Durga M. and Sanyat Misra 2. Alstroemeria 7 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Soils, Preparation of Land, Planting and Weed Control — Irrigation, Manures and Fertilizers — Growth, Development, Flowering and Flower Forcing — Postharvest — Lifting of Rhizomes and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 3. Amaryllis & Hippeastrum 19 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Soils, Preparation of Land, Planting and Weed Control — Irrigation and Nutrition — Growth, Development and Flowering — Flower Forcing — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — Lifting, Dormancy and Storage of Bulbs — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 4. Anemone 33 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Soils, Preparation of Land, Planting and Weed Control — Irrigation, Manures and Fertilizers — Growth, Development, Flowering, Flower Forcing and Height Control — Postharvest — Lifting and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra x 5. Anthurium 47 Introduction and Botany — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Climate, Media and Cultural Practices — Growth and Development — Flower Harvesting and Postharvest Management — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 6 Antirrhinum 63 Introduction and Origin — Classification, Species and Cultivars — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Nutrition and Water Management — Growth, Development and Flowering — Height Control — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References R.L. Misra, Sanyat Misra, Ajit Kumar and J.K. Ranjan 7. Callistephus chinensis 75 Introduction and Origin — Genetics and Breeding — Classification and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices, Nutritional Requirements and Watering — Growth, Development and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Sanyat Misra, R.L. Misra, Y.C. Gupta, Ajit Kumar, J.K. Ranjan and Pragya Ranjan 8. Campanula 85 Introduction — Botany — Propagation — Classification, Species and Varieties — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Pests and Diseases — References Ritu Jain, Varun M. Hiremath and Sanyat Misra 9. Centaurea 93 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Cytology and Breeding — Propagation — Classification, Species and Varieties — Cultural Practices — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Ajit Kumar, Khushboo Kathayat, Jyoti Bajeli, Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 10. Cut Foliage/Cut Greens and Other Fillers 101 Abies — Acalypha — Aglaonema — Alocasia — Alpinia — Anthurium — Aralia — Araucaria — Ardisia — Asparagus — Aspidistra — Buxus — Caladium — Calathea — Camellia — Cedrus — Chlorophytum comosum — Codiaeum — Coleus — Cordyline — Cycas — Cyperus — Cytisus — Dieffenbachia — Duranta — Dracaena — Epipremnum — Eucalyptus — Euonymus — Fatsia japonica and ×Fatshedera — Ferns — Ficus — Galax — Gaultheria — Grevillea — Gypsophila — Hedera — Ilex — Juniperus — Magnolia — Maranta — Monstera — Murraya exotica — Myrtus — Ophiopogon — Palms — Philodendron — Pinus — Pittosporum — Podocarpus — Rhododendron — Ruscus — Sansevieria — Scindapsus — Solidago — Spathiphyllum — Strelitzia — Syngonium — Thuja — Ulex — Vaccinium — Xerophyllum — References D.V.S. Raju, Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 11. Dahlia 115 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Soils, Preparation of Land, Planting, Pot Culture and Weed Control — Irrigation and Nutrient Management — Growth, Development, Flowering and Dormancy — Height Control, Pinching & Disbudding, and Staking — Postharvest — Lifting of Tubers and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 12. Delphinium 133 Introduction and Origin — Classification, Species and Cultivars — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Growth, Flowering and Height Control — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra xi 13. Dendranthema 139 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Classification and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Chrysanthemum Growing Calendar Throughout the Year — Irrigation, Manures and Fertilizers — Control of Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 14. Dianthus caryophyllus 159 Introduction — Origin, History and Distribution — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Species, Varieties and Classification — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Y.C. Gupta and Kalkame Ch. Momin 15. Digitalis 173 Introduction — Botany — Propagation — Classification, Species and Varieties — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Namita, Sapna Panwar, Meenu Kumari, Shisa Ullas P. and Sanyat Misra 16. Eustoma 179 Introduction — Botany and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Sanyat Misra, R.L. Misra, M. Kannan, S. T. Bini Sundar and P. Ranchan 17. Gaillardia 191 Introduction and Botany — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect Pests and Diseases — References Atul Batra and B.K.Banerji 18. Gerbera 197 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 19. Gladiolus 213 Introduction and History — Botany, Cytology and Genetics — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Control of Growth and Flowering — Postharvest Management — Lifting of Corms and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Y.C. Gupta, R.L. Misra, Nomita Laishram, Priyanka Sharma, Bhavya Bhargava and Sanyat Misra 20. Gypsophila 245 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Watering — Growth and Development — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Pragya Ranjan, J.K. Ranjan, Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra xii 21. Helianthus 253 Introduction and Origin — Botany and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest of the Blooms — Seed Harvesting, Curing and Value addition — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Ajit Kumar, Manish Kapoor, Meenu Kumari, Sanyat Misra, R.L. Misra, Sunder Pal, Mamta Bohra and Himanshu Trivedi 22. Heliconia 263 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding, Watering and Humidity — Control of Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References T. Janakiram, Anuradha Sane and R.L. Misra 23. Iberis 279 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Cytology and Breeding — Species, Cultivars and Classification — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Pot Plant Production — Seed Production — Growth and Development — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Ajit Kumar, Kiran Kumari, Manish Kapoor, Ranjan Srivastava, Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 24. Lilium 287 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Watering — Pot Culture — Growth and Development — Postharvest — Bulb Harvesting and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Sanyat Misra, Ranjan Srivastava, Pragya Ranjan, R.L. Misra, Narendra Bhandari, Ajit Kumar and Yalek Messar 25. Limonium 323 Introduction — Botany, Cytogenetics and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Weed Control — Feeding and Irrigation — Growth and Development — Postharvest Management — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References M.K. Singh, Sanyat Misra, R.L. Misra and Sanjay Kumar 26. Matthiola 353 Introduction — Botany, Breeding and Biotechnology — Classiciation, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Weed Control — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References M.K. Singh, Sanyat Misra, R.L. Misra and Sanjay Kumar 27. Narcissus 373 Introduction and Origin — Brief History — Botany, Cytology and Breeding — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Pot Culture — Growth and Development — Postharvest — Lifting, Curing and Storage of Bulbs — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Priyanka Thakur, R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 28. Orchids 389 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Breeding and Growth Habit — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Control of Growth and Flowering — Harvesting of Flowers and Postharvest Management — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra xiii 29. Polianthes tuberosa 427 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Irrigation and Feeding — Growth, Development and Flowering — Postharvest — Lifting and Storage of Bulbs — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 30. Proteaceous Ornamentals 439 Introduction — Typical Features of Proteaceae — Researchable Issues — Crop Improvement — The Species — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Postharvest — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — Future Prospects of Protea Cultivation in India — References Kalkame Ch. Momin, Y.C. Gupta, S.R. Dhiman, R.L. Misra and Sanyat Misra 31. Rosa 451 Introduction and Origin — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Classification and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Protected Cultivation — Postharvest — Dormancy and Control of Growth and Flowering — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References R.L. Misra, D.V.S. Raju and Sanyat Misra 32. Salpiglossis 475 Introduction — Botany and Breeding — Propagation — Species and Varieties — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Sapna Panwar, Poonam Kumari, Thaneshwari and R.L. Misra 33. Scabiosa 479 Introduction — Botany, Genetics and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Polyhouse Growing — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References M.K. Singh, R.L. Misra, Sanyat Misra, Sanjay Kumar and Ajit Kumar 34. Solidago 489 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Requirements — Harvesting and Postharvest Management — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References M. Kannan, S.T. Bini Sundar, P. Ranchana, Sanyat Misra and R.L. Misra 35. Strelitzia 495 Introduction — Botany — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Feeding and Irrigation — Postharvest — Insect-Pests and Diseases — References Naveen Kumar, R.L. Misra, J.K. Ranjan, R.K. Dubey, Sanyat Misra, Pragya Ranjan and Ajit Kumar 36. Tulipa 503 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Breeding — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Growth and Development — Bulb Lifting and Storage — Insect-Pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders — Postharvest — References Ajit Kumar, Sanyat Misra, Jyoti Bajeli, Tripti, Sunder Pal, R.L. Misra and Manish Kapoor xiv 37. Zantedeschia 525 Introduction — Botany and Breeding — Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Lifting of Rhizomes and Storage — Control of Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Insect-pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorder — References M.K. Singh, Sanyat Misra and Sanjay Kumar 38. Zinnia 535 Introduction and Origin — Botany — Genetics and Breeding — Classification, Species and Varieties — Propagation — Cultural Practices — Growth and Flowering — Postharvest — Diseases and Insect-Pests — References Pragya Ranjan, J.K. Ranjan, M.K. Bag and Sanyat Misra Colour Plates I-VIII Glossary 545 Index 557