Introductory Agrometeorology and Climate Change

by Pandey, Vyas

ISBN: 9789354618185
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Imprint : Daya Publishing House
Year : 2024
Price : Rs. 7295.00
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Author Profile

Dr. Vyas Pandey is Emeritus Scientist of ICAR at Anand Agricultural University, Anand. He was Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Meteorology for 12 years (2005-2017). He served Gujarat/Anand Agricultural University for 35 years (1982-2017) in various capacities. He guided M.Sc. and Ph.D. students of Agricultural Meteorology and monitored more than 20 research projects funded by various Government agencies such as DST/ISRO/IIT/MoES/ ICAR/IMD as PI and Co-PI. He has been members in panels of experts in various committees of UPSC, ICAR, UGC, SAUs and Government of Gujarat. He has published more than 175 research papers in national and international journals. He is recipient of various academic awards including GoI Bronze medal for e-krishikiran programme (Soil health card). He is founding member Secretary of Association of Agrometeorologists, Publisher and Managing Editor of Journal of Agrometeorology for 20 years (1999-2019). He is reviewer of about 25 national and international journals. He successfully organized various workshops, training programmes and national/international seminars/symposia. He is President of the Association of Agrometeorologists since 2019.

About The Book

This book has been designed to cover undergraduate syllabus of Introductory Agrometeorology & Climate Change as per ICAR 5th Deans’ Committee report. It covers the entire syllabus in one compact volume of 15 chapters. It covers introduction. earth atmosphere. atmospheric pressure and its variation, wind, solar radiation, atmospheric temperature, energy, precipitation, monsoon mechanism and its importance, weather hazards, agriculture and weather relations, weather forecast, climate change and agriculture. Glossary of the technical terms has been provided at the end for the ready reference of readers. The present book has been recommended as a core subject in the curriculum of B.Sc. (Agriculture), B.Sc. (Horticulture) and B.Sc. (Forestry) courses of the agricultural universities. This book would be immensely useful to students, teachers, researchers, environmentalists, agro- meteorologists, extension workers and progressive farmers.

Table of Contents

Preface v 1. Introduction to Agrometeorology 1 Meteorology: An Introduction – Climatology – Branches of Meteorology – Brief History of Meteorology – Agricultural Meteorology: Definition – Scopes of Agrometeorology – Importance of Agrometeorology – History of Agrometeorology in India – Weather, Climate and Season – Seasons 2. Earth Atmosphere 15 Introduction – Structure of the Atmosphere – Troposphere – Stratosphere – Mesosphere – Thermosphere – Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere – Nitrogen (N2) – Oxygen (O2) – Carbon Dioxide (CO2) – Ozone (O3) – Water Vapour – Aerosols 3. Atmospheric Pressure 29 Atmospheric Weather Variables – Atmospheric Pressure – Vertical Variation of Atmospheric Pressure – Horizontal Variation of Pressure 4. Wind 35 Introduction – Pressure Gradient Force – Coriolis Force (CF) – Frictional Force – Centrifugal Force – Classification of Winds – Planetary Winds or Primary Wind or Permanent Wind or Prevailing – Winds – Secondary or Periodic Winds – Tertiary or Local Winds 5. Solar Radiation 47 Nature and Properties of Solar Radiation – Electromagnetic Spectrum – Black Body Radiation – Kirchhoff’s Law – Stefan-Boltzmann Law – Wien’s Displacement Law – Solar Constant – Factors Affecting Incoming Solar Radiation – Thermal Radiation – Short Wave and Long Wave Radiation – Radiation Budget of the Earth – Net Radiation – Energy Balance 6. Atmospheric Temperature 57 Introduction – Factors Affecting Temperature – Vertical Distribution of Temperature – Adiabatic Process – Stability and Instability of Atmosphere – Temperature Inversion – Significance of Temperature Inversion – Daily and Seasonal Variations of Temperature – Diurnal Variation – Seasonal Variation – Temperature Variation in India 7. Atmospheric Humidity 67 Introduction – Atmospheric Humidity – Concept of Saturation – Causes of Saturation – Process of Condensation – Necessary Conditions for Condensation – Forms of Condensation – Dew – Frost – Fog – Smog – Cloud 8. Precipitation 77 Precipitation – Process of Precipitation – Forms of Precipitation – Rain – Snow – Sleet (Ice Pellets) – Glaze – Hail – Drizzle – Rime – Types of Precipitation – Convectional Rainfall – Orographic Rainfall – Frontal Precipitation – Cyclonic Rainfall – Cloud Formation and Classification – Cloud Formation – Classification of Cloud – Artificial Rain Making – Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Rain 9. Monsoon: Mechanism and its Importance 89 Introduction – Indian Monsoon – Monsoon and ITCZ – Monsoon and Jet Stream – Monsoon and El Nino – South–West Monsoon – Arabian Sea Branch (ASB) – Bay of Bengal Branch (BBB) – North-East Monsoon (winter monsoon) – Importance of Monsoon on Indian Agriculture – Western Disturbance 10. Weather Hazards 101 Introduction – Types of Weather Hazards – Floods – Drought – Frost – Heat Wave – Cold Wave – Tropical Cyclone – Storms – Tornadoes – Waterspouts – Lightening – Blizzards 11. Agriculture and Weather Relations 117 Agriculture and Weather – Solar Radiation – Visible Radiation or Light – Air Temperature – Cardinal Range of Temperature – Relative Humidity – Rainfall – Wind – Soil Temperature 12. Modifications of Crop Microclimate 125 Microclimatic Modifications – Field Crop Microclimatic Modification – Shelterbelts/Windbreaks – Cropping Systems – Protected Cultivation 13. Agro-Climatic Zones and Climatic Normal 133 Agro-Climatic Zones – Agro-Climatic Zones under NARP – Andhra Pradesh – Assam – Bihar – Chhattisgarh – Gujarat – Haryana – Himachal Pradesh – Jammu and Kashmir – Jharkhand – Karnataka – Kerala – Madhya Pradesh – Maharashtra – N-E Hill Zone – Odisha – Punjab – Rajasthan – Tamil Nadu – Telangana – Uttar Pradesh – Uttarakhand – West Bengal – Climatic Normal for Crops – Rice – Wheat – Maize – Sorghum – Pearl Millet – Groundnut – Soybean – Mustard – Cotton – Sugarcane – Potato – Climate Relations with Livestock and Fisheries – Livestock – Fisheries 14. Weather Forecasting 153 Weather Forecasting – Types of Weather Forecasting – Nowcasting – Short Range Forecast – Medium Range Forecasting – Long Range Forecasting – Methods Used in Weather Forecasting – Synoptic methods – Statistical Methods – Numerical Methods – Persistence Method – Analog Method – Importance of Weather Forecast in Agriculture 15. Climate Change and Agriculture 163 Global Warming and Climate Change – Causes of Climate Change – Key Indicators of Climate Change – Climate Change Projection – Impact of Climate Change at Global Level – Impact of Climate Change in India – Change in Temperature – Change in Rainfall – Drought – Flood – Sea Level Rise – Tropical Cyclones – Changes in the Himalayas – Projected Impact on Asia – Climate Change and Agriculture – Impact on Agriculture in India Glossary 177 References 189 Index 193